Document Type
Peer-Reviewed Article
Publication Date
2022
Abstract
Creativity is considered one aspect of intelligence. Including creativity allows for more room for expression (e.g., participants can respond with movement instead of written or verbal responses) than in standard intelligence assessments. The Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT; Torrance, 1974) are the leading method of assessing creative abilities in school-aged humans and above. To assess creativity in young humans and nonhuman animals, modifications must be made to facilitate nonverbal responses. In the current study, a cross-species comparison was conducted between preschoolers and bottlenose dolphins to examine responses to a modified creativity task in which both species were trained to demonstrate non-repeated behaviors to an “innovate” prompt. The resulting behaviors for the first test session were coded for fluency (number of non-repeated behaviors demonstrated), originality, and flexibility (low, moderate, or high activity level). Children and dolphins produced a similar number of non-repeated behaviors during individual test trials and also had similar originality scores. Related to flexibility, dolphins displayed more low energy activity levels compared to the children. Given the limited understanding of creative abilities in animals and young children, this comparison using a modified version of the TTCT offers exciting possibilities. These results could provide further evidence of similarities in cognitive processes for humans and nonhuman animals.
DOI
10.26451/abc.09.03.07.2022
Recommended Citation
Melzer, D. K., Yeater, D., Bradley, M., Hill, H. M., Guerra, G., Salazar, K., Bolton, T., & Dudzinski, K. M. (2022). A comparative test of creative thinking in preschool children and dolphins. Animal Behavior and Cognition, 9(3), 349-362. https://doi.org/10.26451/abc.09.03.07.2022
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Included in
Cognition and Perception Commons, Cognitive Science Commons, Marine Biology Commons, Personality and Social Contexts Commons
Comments
Funding for data collection with the dolphins was provided by the Dolphin Communication Project, St Mary’s University, Sacred Heart University, and Sacred Heart University’s University Research and Creativity Grant.
At the time the article was research and written Madison Bradley was an undergraduate student in the Psychology Department at Sacred Heart University.