Date of Award
8-2026
Degree Type
Dissertation
Degree Name
PhD of Social Work
Department
Social Work
Dissertation Chair
Jennifer Wilson, Ph.D.
Faculty Advisor
Bronwyn Cross-Denny, Ph.D.
2nd Reader
Evan Krueger
Abstract
This study examined the behavior of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) utilizing virtual social networking (VSN) to address their healthcare needs. Presently, the TGD community has been facing discrimination in policy and social structure across the United States. Accepting safe spaces are vital to survival and growth of TGD people, and the current wave of anti-trans legislation seeks to eliminate these spaces. This phenomenological mixed-methods study examined mechanisms that TGD people use to address healthcare needs in virtual spaces alongside a backdrop of negative healthcare experiences in traditional settings. Informed by Intersectional theory, Minority Stress Theory, and considering Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Health Service Utilization, TGD voices were centered to emphasize their perspective. This project consisted of a survey advertised in virtual trans spaces, followed by semi-structured interviews to expand on the lived experiences of TGD participants who utilize virtual social networking to address healthcare needs. The survey (n=205) highlighted healthcare context, the involvement of mutual aid, and chosen family membership. 11 Interviews explored responses in depth, encouraging participants to describe personal experiences and opinions. Integrated analysis found four major themes characterizing VSN as an alternative to traditional health services: knowledge and empowerment, safety and freedom, community support, and authentic identity. Policymakers and program developers will benefit from these findings in development of protective policies securing TGD-safe spaces and enabling TGD people to direct their care most effectively. Developing an understanding of the TGD community, their strengths, and methods benefits clinical and community practitioners to competently practice gender affirming care.
Recommended Citation
Furmanek III, F.P. (2026). Transgender and gender-diverse healthcare through virtual social networking [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Sacred Heart University.
Creative Commons License
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Comments
A PhD in Social Work project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of PhD of Social Work, Sacred Heart University College of Arts and Sciences.